History of Karnataka

Karnataka has a deep past. History of Karnataka covers also outside of Karnataka State by Emperors. Karnataka has innumerable inscriptions, memorial stones and monuments of rich historical and cultural heritage. In Pre Historical Period has a many sites, most of them are found in the bank of rivers valleys Bhima, Krishna, Cauvery (Kaveri), Malaprabha, Ghataprabha, Hemavathi, Manjra, Tungabhadra, Netravati and their tributaries. The early inhabitants of Karnataka knew the use of iron, far earlier than the North and iron weapons dating back to circa 1500 B.C have been found at Hallur, now in Hirekerur Tq. of Haveri district.

Rulers of Karnataka
Karnataka ruled by many emperors, Some of the main rulers Kadambas of Banavasi, Gangas of Talakad, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas of Malkhed, Chalukyas of Kalyana, Sevunas of Devagiri, Vijayanagara, Adilshahis of Bijapur.

Kadambas of Banavasi:
Kadambas ruled from C.345 to C.540, this dynasty founded by Mayuravarma ( son of Bandhushena), He had gone with his grand father Veerasharma to the Ghatika of Kanchi for higher studies, He was a Brahmin student. They were overthrown by the Chalukyas of Badami in c. 540.

Gangas of Talakad:
Gangas started their rule with capital of Kolar in C.350 and later they shifted their capital to Talakad in Mysore District. Elephant was their royal insignia. Durvinita is one of the best ruler in Gangas. Ganga’s fine temples are seen at Kolar, Talakad, Begur, Nagavara, Gangavara, Nandi, Aretippur and Narasamangala, Gummata in Sravanabelagole is also one of the best known structure alive today. Their rule ended in C.1024.

Chalukyas of Badami:
Chalukyas rule cover all over in Karnataka in Single rule. They ruled from (C. 540-757). Their monuments are concentrated at Badami, Nagaral, Aihole, Pattadakal, old and new Mahakuta in Karnataka and at Alampur, Gadwal, Satyavolal and Bichavolu in Andhra Pradesh.

Rashtrakutas of Malkhe:
Rashtrakutas ruled here from (C.753-973). Arab traveller Suleiman discloed that the Rashtrakuta Empire was the largest in India and he ranks it with greatest Empires of the world namely the Eastern Roman, the Arabic and the Chinese Empires. He visited India in 851 A.D. The Rashtrakutas constructed many tanks and their temples are found at places like Sirivala, Sulepet, Gadikeshwar, Adaki, Sedam, Handarki etc., in Gulbarga district; Naragund, Ron and Savadi in Gadag district.

Chalukyas of Kalyana:
Chalukyas are one of the great rulers they ruled from (C.973-1189). Vikramadithya is one of the ruler in this dynasty, he wrote thousands of inscriptions. The Chalukyas were great builders, and their beautiful temples renowned for fine and intricate engravings are found at many places like Itagi in Yelburga taluk, Gadag, Dambal, Lakkundi (Gadag District), Balligavi (Shimoga District), Kuruvatti, Chaudadanapura (Ranebennur Taluk), Unakal in Hubli Taluk and at Nagavi, Adki, Yewur, Sedam, Kulageri, Kollur, Diggavi, Madiyala and Kalagi (in Gulbarga Dt); Kadlewada, Chattaraki, Teradal, Nimbala, Muttagi in Bijapur district.

Sevunas of Devagiri:
Sevunas or Yadavas ruled from (C 1173-1325). Bhillama V is one of the ruler, who founded new capital Devagiri (Now this place in Maharashtra). The Virabhadra temple at Yedur in Belgum district is one of their structures.

Hoysalas of Dwarasamudra:
Hoysalas know for their best tradition of art. They ruled from (C.1052-1342). Hoysala age saw great Kannada poets like Rudrabhatta, Janna, Harihara and Raghavanka. Hoysala’s built best temples at Beluru, Halebidu, Somanathapur, Aralaguppe, Arasikere, Amritapura, Basaral, Kikkeri, Hosaholalu, Tonnur, Sunka Tonnur, Sindhaghatta, Shravanabelagola, Koravangala, Govindanahalli, Nuggehalli, Javagal, Kaivara, Turuvekere, Kaidala etc, are wonderful works of art.

Vijayanagara Empire:
Vijayanagara Kingdom founded by Sangama brothers. They ruled from (C.1336-1646). Hoysalas temples seen at places like Hampi, Haravu, Belluru, Kikkeri, Ambaligere, Holalkere, Sringeri, Kurugodu, Bagali, Khandya, Kalasa etc. So Viianagara Empire was the very hard worked dynasty in that age.

Bahamani Kingdom:
Bahamani sultans are ruler of the Bahamani Kingdom, they ruled this dynasty from (c.1347-1520). This Dynasty founded by Alla-Ud-Din Hasan. The Famous Jama mazid (Gulbarga district) built by Muhammed Bahaman Shah. The fine Indo-Saracenic buildings like the Bande Nawaz Dargah, Sath gumbaz, etc, built by bahamani sultan’s.

Adilshahis of Bijapur:
Adilshahis ruled this dynasty from (1489-1686). This Dynasty founded by Yusuf Adil Khan. Adilshahis built famous Gol